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Diabetes

The Vital Importance of Early Detection of Diabetes and its complications.

Introduction

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. The prevalence of diabetes has been steadily rising over the years, making it a significant public health concern. Early detection of diabetes is crucial as it offers numerous benefits, allowing for timely intervention and management of the condition. In this article, we will explore the multifaceted advantages of early detection and the positive impact it can have on individuals and healthcare systems alike.

 

1. Improved Health Outcomes

Early detection of diabetes enables healthcare providers to intervene promptly, preventing the disease’s progression and associated complications. By identifying diabetes in its initial stages, patients have a better chance of managing their blood glucose levels effectively through lifestyle changes, diet modifications, and exercise. This can significantly reduce the risk of developing serious complications such as cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, nerve damage, and vision problems.

 

2. Enhanced Quality of Life

Living with diabetes can be challenging, but early detection empowers individuals to take charge of their health and make informed decisions about their lifestyle. With early intervention, patients can adopt healthier habits and develop a personalized diabetes management plan, resulting in an improved quality of life. Early detection also helps patients avoid long-term complications that may negatively impact their physical and emotional well-being.

 

3. Lower Healthcare Costs

Early detection of diabetes not only benefits individuals but also has a positive impact on healthcare systems. Detecting diabetes in its early stages reduces the need for expensive medical treatments and hospitalizations related to diabetes complications. As a result, healthcare costs associated with diabetes management can be significantly reduced, easing the financial burden on both patients and healthcare providers.

 

4. Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes, which accounts for the majority of diabetes cases worldwide, is often preceded by a condition called prediabetes. Prediabetes is a reversible stage where blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not yet in the diabetic range. Early detection of prediabetes allows healthcare professionals to implement preventive measures, such as lifestyle changes and medication, to prevent or delay the onset of full-blown diabetes.

 

5. Facilitating Timely Treatment

In some cases, diabetes can be asymptomatic during its early stages, making it challenging to detect without regular health screenings. Routine health check-ups and blood tests can help identify diabetes at an early stage, allowing healthcare providers to initiate timely treatment. This can be crucial in preventing complications and maintaining better control of the disease. Tomar Foundation pathology lab offers Annual Diabetes monitoring scheme at very economical rates. In this scheme we do monthly sugar fasting /PP, HbAiC (every 3 months) and Annual Diabetic Profile ( KFT , Lipid Profile & Microalbuminurea in addition to blood sugar values and glycosylated Hb.) You can visit the website or call 8745026888 for more details.

 

6. Reducing the Risk of Cardiovascular Complications

Diabetes is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and strokes. Early detection and proactive management of diabetes can help reduce the risk of these life-threatening complications. By controlling blood glucose levels, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels, individuals with diabetes can significantly decrease their chances of developing cardiovascular problems.

 

Conclusion

Early detection of diabetes is undeniably critical for maintaining a healthier population and alleviating the strain on healthcare systems. It enables individuals to take control of their health, make positive lifestyle changes, and actively manage their condition. Moreover, it offers a substantial opportunity to prevent diabetes or delay its onset altogether, which is essential in curbing the rising prevalence of this chronic disease. Therefore, promoting awareness about the benefits of early detection is vital for the well-being of individuals and society as a whole.

 

Author:
Dr Vibha Tomar
Consultant Pathologist
Tomar Foundation Pathology Lab

Diabetes

Ten lifestyle Tips to Reduce the Risk of Diabetes

Introduction

Diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by high blood sugar levels due to the body’s inability to produce or use insulin effectively. It affects millions of people worldwide and can lead to severe health complications if left unmanaged. However, the good news is that type 2 diabetes, which is the most common form of diabetes, can often be prevented or delayed through lifestyle changes. In this article, we will explore various prevention and lifestyle tips to help reduce the risk of diabetes and promote overall health and well-being.

 

1. Maintain a Healthy Diet

A balanced and nutritious diet is crucial in preventing diabetes. Focus on consuming a variety of foods, including whole grains, lean proteins, fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats. Minimize your intake of sugary beverages, processed foods, and excessive amounts of carbohydrates. Portion control is essential, as overeating can contribute to weight gain and insulin resistance.

 

2. Exercise Regularly

Physical activity plays a significant role in reducing the risk of diabetes. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise per week. Activities such as walking, jogging, swimming, cycling, and strength training can help improve insulin sensitivity and promote weight management.

 

3. Maintain a Healthy Weight

Being overweight or obese is a significant risk factor for diabetes. Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular exercise is essential for preventing the onset of the disease. Even losing a modest amount of weight can have a significant impact on reducing diabetes risk.

 

4. Stay Hydrated and Limit Alcohol Consumption

Staying properly hydrated is essential for overall health. Opt for water as your primary beverage and limit the intake of sugary drinks, which can contribute to weight gain and insulin resistance. Additionally, excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of diabetes, so moderation is key.

 

5. Quit Smoking

Smoking is a well-known risk factor for various health issues, including diabetes. If you smoke, seek support to quit and adopt healthier habits. Quitting smoking will not only reduce your diabetes risk but also significantly improve your overall health.

 

6. Manage Stress

Chronic stress can impact blood sugar levels and increase the risk of diabetes. Engage in stress-reducing activities such as meditation, yoga, deep breathing exercises, or hobbies that bring you joy. Prioritizing self-care and maintaining a healthy work-life balance are crucial for managing stress.

 

7. Get Quality Sleep

Poor sleep patterns can disrupt insulin sensitivity and lead to weight gain. Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night. Establish a bedtime routine and create a sleep-friendly environment to improve the quality of your rest.

 

8. Regular Health Check-ups

Regular health check-ups are essential for early detection and prevention of diabetes. Monitor your blood glucose levels, blood pressure, cholesterol, body weight and  eyes regularly.  At Tomar Foundation Pathology Lab ,we offer Annual Diabetes Care membership at very economical rates. We also have Diabetes screening profile and  Diabetes check up profile . Kindly check our website or call the lab at 8745027888 for more information.

 

9. Limit Processed and Sugary Foods

Processed and sugary foods can contribute to weight gain and negatively impact insulin sensitivity. Reduce your intake of processed snacks, sugary desserts, and high-calorie treats. Instead, opt for healthier alternatives such as fresh fruits, nuts, and whole-grain snacks.

 

10. Engage in Social Activities

Social isolation and loneliness can affect mental health and potentially lead to unhealthy lifestyle habits. Engage in social activities, spend time with loved ones, and participate in community events to promote overall well-being.

 

Conclusion

Diabetes is a prevalent and serious condition that requires proactive efforts to prevent or manage effectively. By adopting a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, managing stress, and getting regular check-ups, you can significantly reduce the risk of diabetes and improve your overall quality of life. Remember, small changes can make a big difference in your long-term health, so start incorporating these prevention and lifestyle tips today 

 

Author:
Dr Vibha Tomar
Consultant Pathologist
Tomar Foundation Pathology Lab

The Importance of Regular Screening for Diabetes: Taking Charge of Your Health

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. The prevalence of diabetes has been steadily increasing in recent years, making it a significant global health concern. Regular screening for diabetes plays a crucial role in early detection, prevention, and effective management of this condition. This article delves into the importance of regular screening for diabetes, highlighting its benefits and the potential consequences of neglecting such evaluations.

 

Understanding Diabetes

Before we delve into the significance of regular screenings, it is essential to understand the nature of diabetes. The condition is characterized by high blood glucose levels resulting from either inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. There are primarily two types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder where the body’s immune system attacks and destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, while type 2 diabetes occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn’t produce enough to meet the body’s demands.

 

Prevalence and Impact of Diabetes

The prevalence of diabetes has reached alarming levels globally. It is estimated that over 463 million adults were living with diabetes in 2019, and this number is projected to increase significantly by 2030. The implications of diabetes extend beyond its immediate health effects. It is a major risk factor for several debilitating conditions, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, kidney failure, and blindness. The economic burden of diabetes is substantial, encompassing direct medical costs and productivity losses due to disability and premature mortality.

 

The Importance of Regular Screening

Early Detection and Prevention: Regular screening for diabetes enables early detection of the condition, even before noticeable symptoms appear. Early diagnosis empowers individuals to take preventive measures and lifestyle modifications that can delay or even prevent the onset of diabetes or its complications.

 

Identifying Risk Factors: Certain risk factors, such as family history, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, hypertension, Cardiac problem, PCOS, More than 45 years of age  and poor dietary habits, increase the likelihood of developing diabetes. Regular screenings help identify individuals at high risk, allowing healthcare providers to initiate interventions and education to reduce these risk factors.

 

Monitoring Blood Glucose Levels: For individuals already diagnosed with diabetes, regular screening helps monitor blood glucose levels and the effectiveness of their management plan. This enables timely adjustments to medication, diet, and exercise routines, leading to better control of the condition and reducing the risk of complications.

 

Improving Health Outcomes: Early detection and proactive management of diabetes lead to improved health outcomes and quality of life for affected individuals. It reduces the risk of long-term complications, enhances overall well-being, and increases life expectancy.

 

Types of Diabetes Screenings

There are several screening tests used to diagnose and monitor diabetes:

  1. Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Test: This measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast and is commonly used to diagnose diabetes and prediabetes.

 

  1. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): It involves fasting and then consuming a glucose-rich drink to measure blood glucose levels at specific intervals. OGTT is useful in diagnosing gestational diabetes and identifying impaired glucose tolerance.

 

  1. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) Test: This test assesses the average blood glucose levels over the past three months and is commonly used to monitor long-term glucose control in individuals with diabetes.

 

  1. Random Plasma Glucose Test: This test measures blood glucose levels at any time of the day without fasting and is often used to diagnose diabetes during acute illness or emergencies.

 

 

Conclusion

Regular screening for diabetes is of paramount importance in today’s world, where the prevalence of this condition continues to rise. Early detection, identification of risk factors, and effective management through regular screenings can significantly reduce the burden of diabetes and its complications on individuals and society as a whole. Tomar foundation Pathology Lab offers Diabetes Screening profile at economical rates. To know more, visit our website or call 8745026888.

By taking charge of our health through regular screenings, we empower ourselves to make informed decisions and adopt healthier lifestyles, ultimately leading to a brighter and healthier future for all.

 

Author:
Dr Vibha Tomar
Consultant Pathologist
Tomar Foundation Pathology Lab

The Power of Self-Care for Women

In today’s fast-paced world, women often find themselves juggling multiple roles and responsibilities. From managing careers and relationships to caring for children and aging parents, it’s no wonder that self-care often takes a backseat. However, it is essential for women to recognize and harness the power of self-care in order to maintain their physical, mental, and emotional well-being.

Self-care is more than just indulging in occasional pampering or treating oneself to a spa day. It is a deliberate and ongoing practice of nurturing oneself on multiple levels. Here’s why self-care holds immense power for women:

 

Physical Health:

Women are often the caretakers and nurturers in their families, but it’s important to remember that they need care as well. Prioritizing self-care means taking steps to maintain good physical health. This includes eating nutritious meals, engaging in regular exercise, getting enough sleep, and attending to medical check-ups. When women prioritize their physical health, they not only have more energy and vitality, but they also set an example for those around them.

 

Mental and Emotional Well-being:

Women often carry the weight of emotional labor, whether it’s managing household tasks, resolving conflicts, or providing emotional support to others. Self-care allows women to recharge and replenish their mental and emotional resources. It can involve engaging in activities that bring joy and fulfillment, such as pursuing hobbies, reading, journaling, or practicing mindfulness and meditation. Taking time for oneself helps alleviate stress, reduces the risk of burnout, and enhances overall mental well-being.

 

Self-Worth and Empowerment:

Self-care is an act of self-love and self-respect. When women prioritize their own well-being, they send a powerful message to themselves and others that their needs matter. It is not selfish to take care of oneself; it is a fundamental right. By investing time and energy in self-care, women build a stronger sense of self-worth and empowerment. This, in turn, enables them to set healthy boundaries, make confident decisions, and advocate for themselves in various aspects of life.

 

Resilience and Fulfillment:

Life is full of challenges, and women often face unique pressures and expectations. Self-care equips women with the tools to navigate these challenges with greater resilience. By nurturing their physical, mental, and emotional well-being, women are better able to bounce back from setbacks, overcome obstacles, and maintain a positive outlook. Moreover, when women prioritize their own happiness and fulfillment, they are better positioned to contribute meaningfully to their families, careers, and communities.

 

Role Modeling and Impact:

Women are often influential figures in their families, workplaces, and communities. When women practice self-care, they become powerful role models for others, particularly for their children and younger generations. By showing that self-care is not only necessary but also an act of strength and empowerment, women inspire those around them to prioritize their own well-being. This has a ripple effect, creating a culture of self-care and well-being in society as a whole.

In conclusion, the power of self-care for women cannot be underestimated. It is an essential practice that allows women to nurture themselves physically, mentally, and emotionally. Remember to take the yearly health check up. TFPL offers preventive Women Health Packages at economical rates. Visit our website or call 8745026888 for more. By prioritizing self-care, women enhance their overall well-being, strengthen their self-worth, and inspire others. So, ladies, remember to carve out time for yourselves, indulge in self-care guilt-free, and embrace the transformative power it brings to your life.

 

Author:
Dr Vibha Tomar
Consultant Pathologist
Tomar Foundation Pathology Lab

Women’s health is an essential component of overall health and well-being of a society

Women health

Women’s health is an essential component of overall health and well-being of a society. It encompasses physical, mental, emotional, and social aspects that influence a woman’s quality of life. From puberty to menopause, women’s bodies undergo significant changes, and it’s crucial to take care of them to prevent or manage health conditions. This article explores some of the key aspects of women’s health and provides tips on how to maintain optimal health.

Reproductive Health

Reproductive health is a crucial aspect of women’s health that involves the reproductive system, including the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, and breasts. Reproductive health issues can affect a woman’s ability to conceive, carry a pregnancy to term, or have a healthy baby. Therefore, it’s essential to prioritize reproductive health throughout a woman’s life.

One of the most important ways to maintain reproductive health is by scheduling regular gynecological exams. These exams can help detect early signs of reproductive health issues such as cervical cancer, fibroids, or sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It’s also important to practice safe sex by using condoms or other barrier methods to prevent STIs and unintended pregnancies.

Mental Health

Mental health is a critical component of overall health and well-being. Unfortunately, women are at a higher risk of developing mental health issues than men. Depression, anxiety, and eating disorders are common mental health issues that affect women. Hormonal changes, stress, and societal expectations can contribute to mental health issues in women.

It’s essential to prioritize mental health by seeking help when needed. Talking to a mental health professional, such as a therapist or counselor, can provide tools and strategies for managing mental health issues. Additionally, practicing self-care, such as getting enough sleep, eating a balanced diet, and exercising regularly, can also promote mental health.

Cardiovascular Health

Cardiovascular health refers to the health of the heart and blood vessels. Heart disease is the leading cause of death in women worldwide. Therefore, it’s essential to prioritize cardiovascular health to reduce the risk of heart disease and other cardiovascular conditions.

One of the most important ways to promote cardiovascular health is by maintaining a healthy weight. Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, and other cardiovascular conditions. A healthy diet and regular exercise can help maintain a healthy weight and promote cardiovascular health.

Breast Health

Breast health is a critical aspect of women’s health, as breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women. It’s essential to prioritize breast health by performing regular breast self-exams and scheduling regular mammograms.

Breast self-exams involve checking the breasts for any changes, such as lumps, bumps, or changes in size or shape. Mammograms are x-ray images of the breast that can detect early signs of breast cancer. Women should begin getting regular mammograms at age 40 or earlier if they have a family history of breast cancer.

Bone Health

Bone health is crucial for women, as women are at a higher risk of developing osteoporosis than men. Osteoporosis is a condition that causes bones to become weak and brittle, making them more prone to fractures.

To maintain bone health, it’s essential to consume enough calcium and vitamin D. Calcium is essential for building strong bones, and vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium. Additionally, weight-bearing exercises such as walking, running, or weightlifting can also promote bone health.

Conclusion

In conclusion, women’s health is a multifaceted issue that requires attention to various aspects of health and well-being. Reproductive health, mental health, cardiovascular health, breast health, and bone health are crucial components of women’s health. Prioritizing these areas through regular medical  exams and preventive health check ups, healthy lifestyle choices, and seeking help when needed can help promote good health in women.
We are ,Tomar Foundation Pathology Lab, are dedicated to providing preventive health check ups at discounted prices to promote good health in women.

Let us not forget, A healthy woman is the back bone of a healthy society.

 

Author:
Dr Vibha Tomar
Consultant Pathologist
Tomar Foundation Pathology Lab

 

Elder People

Looking after the Elderly in COVID times

Tips to look after Elderly in COVID times

 

As the world nudges towards normalcy, it is imperative that the elderly continue to practice lockdown norms. The year 2020 has been particularly harsh to them. Not only are they more vulnerable to serious infection due to Covid 19, their lifestyle and social pillars have been disrupted by the newer norms of living , dictated by the virus. Leaders from all over the world have expressed concern about the welfare of the elderly.

 

Why are the seniors more vulnerable?

The elderly account for more than 50 percent of the total COVID deaths. Seniors in UK, USA and Italy have also borne the major brunt of the disease. Let us try and understand why old people are more prone to infection by SARS COV 2. The explanation of the generally heightened risk of the geriatric population lies in a growing understanding of “Immunoscence”. Older people are not as good at reacting to micro-organisms they have not encountered before. When faced with a new virus like SARS COV2 , they are not able to produce virus fighting chemicals due to depletion of naive T cells. Naive T cells are cells which mount a specific response against a ‘never before seen microbe’. The specific response of the body to the virus is thus too little and too late. This allows the initial non-specific response of the body to remain in overdrive producing a cytokine storm. The body immune response is thus ineffective and produces great ancillary damage in the lungs causing Acute respiratory distress syndrome, the commonest cause of death in COVID.

 

Challenges faced by the elderly

The seniors find themselves particularly susceptible during this COVID era. They find almost every aspect of their existence threatened and challenged. Physically, not only are they in greater peril of succumbing to the disease, the structure of house help and care givers that they had put in place for their convenience is shattered. Also, prior to the COVID era, Senior citizens in India led an active social life. They kept in regular touch with extended family and friends. They took active part in satsangs, religious activities, festivals and social programs. Such meetings were frequent and provided recreation and solace to the old-timers. They looked forward to such occasions as they added value and meaning to their life. All these activities stand disrupted in the new era leading to social isolation, frustration and bleakness. Depression, loneliness and anxiety are the new companions. Instances of violence against the aged are also showing a rising trend. The fact that the end appears nowhere in sight is only adding to their dilemma.

 

Practical tips for Seniors to look after themselves

  • Sanitizing, masking and distancing remain the mool mantra for protection.
  • Practise physical distancing not social distancing. Keep in touch with your friends and extended families via telephones and digital platforms. Continue to share and care, but digitally.
  • Group activities which involve talking, singing or eating together are best avoided in person. Such activities can be arranged digitally. Use watts app group chats or zoom meets to organise such meets and remain in touch with your satsang groups or breakfast club.
  • Social activities like group exercises can be promoted as long as you maintain at least six feet distance at all times. Schedule them in open spaces. Yoga or such fitness exercises where people remain restricted to their mats can be organised. Keep group size small. Maintain social distance at all times.
  • Wear mask and face shield when you venture out of the house.
  • If you travel by car, keep the windows open. Wear a mask and face shield during the ride.
  • Avoid travel, hotels and that visit to the market.
  • Avoid talking to unmasked people.
  • Avoid meetings in closed spaces.
  • Eat simple nutritious diet. Immune-boosters like Chywanprash, amla, tulsi, cloves, cinnamon, black pepper and ginger should be a part of your daily diet. Avoid excess salt, sugar and oil.
  • Exercise daily. Practise meditation or yoga daily. Watch your weight.
  • Take your medications regularly. Add supplements of Vitamin D, Vitamin C and zinc.
  • Get your immunity status assessed at regular intervals. Keep in contact with your doctor.

 

Precautions while hiring Care-givers

Restrict the number of care givers. It is better if the care giver is exclusively working for you. It is important that the care giver takes all precautions which are relevant in today’s scenario. SMS is the golden rule. According to a recent study, one in four individuals may have developed immunity to COVID. It is a Good Practice to hire care givers who have developed specific immunity (IgG antibodies to COVID). You could get their immunity profiles checked to see if they are safe for you and your family.

 

What can we do to ease their pain- Tips for family and friends

Just like a herd protects the vulnerable by keeping them well sheltered in the centre, keep your seniors well cocooned. Be a buffer in between the elderly and the outside world for some more time. Teach and encourage the old folks to use chat platforms to remain in touch with friends and family to uplift their spirits. Keep them involved in family discussions and projects. Ask for advice or that recipe you always wanted. Connect with your elderly Aunts, Uncles and well wishers regularly. Just call in to say ‘I care.”

 

Author:
Dr Vibha Tomar
Consultant Pathologist
Tomar Foundation Pathology Lab

 

IgG ELISA antibody against COVID -19

Antibody detection test for COVID 19 and its relevance

As the country goes into unlock mode, it is imperative to point out that “Caution is the need of the hour.”  In cognizance of this the ICMR in its advisory dated 23/06/2020, validated and approved the use of IgG ELISA antibody against COVID -19 for surveillance of state of immunity of individuals and community. The Delhi government too allowed Public sector units, government offices, businesses corporate, agencies, health care workers and organisations planning to reopen business to engage private labs to conduct ELISA (IgG) antibody test to check for immunity against SARS COV2 amongst their employees. They feel this will help in allaying anxiety and fear, both amongst the workers and the consumers. According to some media reports, this is a part of ICMR’s “Immunity Certified Plan” which would allow asymptomatic individuals positive for IgG antibodies to resume usual activities.

At Tomar Foundation Pathology Lab, we are testing Antibody(IgG) to COVID19  to aid in this government endeavour. However, I find that there is a lot of confusion regarding this test and its relevance amongst the general public. In this article, I will attempt to answer the FAQ’s and provide clarity and information on this topic.

 

What is relevance of Antibody (IgG) detection test against COVID 19?

This is an ELISA test for detection of presence of IgG antibodies against SARS COV 2 in the blood. IgG antibodies start appearing after 2 weeks of onset of infection and last for several weeks to months. Many studies have stated that the load of asymptomatic people who have suffered from COVID is at least ten times the official figure. This test is highly useful in identifying people who have suffered from the disease and gained immunity on the quiet.

As IgG antibodies have no role in acute infection, this test has no diagnostic value at the time of acute infection. The presence of IgG antibodies in asymptomatic individual indicates

  • Previous exposure to the Corona virus
  • Development of immunity to SARS COV2
  • IgG positive person can donate plasma.
  • Provides a break in transmission chain in the community

When should the test be done?

  • The test can be done at any time in asymptomatic individuals.
  • In people who have had the disease or had direct exposure to exposure to COVID positive people, it should be done 3 weeks after exposure.

 

Who should get themselves  tested?

According to ICMR, the following populations should get themselves tested

  • Employers and employees at corporate houses, offices and businesses that want to open up
  • Banks, post, couriers, telecom offices: public or private banks, small or large branches of banks and post, telecom offices as well as couriers;
  • Migrant workers
  • Industrial workers / labour force
  • Health Care Workers:
  • Security personnel
  • Police and paramilitary personnel civil defense & volunteers
  • Press corps
  • Immune-compromised patients: diabetics, cirrhosis patients, cancer patients etc.
  • Drivers, personal help and security guards Staff at businesses, homes and offices that want to open up
  • Staff in municipal bodies: Municipal staff working in areas like sanitation, water supply, electricity, etc. where interactions with citizens is expected;
  • Farmers, sellers, brokers, purchasing vendors, distributors and other persons including drivers and labour by virtue of visiting crowded places like main markets
  • Drivers of hospital ambulances, hearse, buses, auto, taxies, etc. Bus conductors, cleaners and helping staff also should be included.
  • Individuals who have been on work front and faced large number of people previously or are going to face in future.
  • Individuals in containment zones
  • Vendors and/ or owners as well as staff working in shops

How reliable is this test?

The reliability of the test depends on the reliability of testing kit used. It is pertinent that the laboratories conducting the test use only ICMR approved kits. ICMR has recommended only IgG (ELISA) test kits for reliable testing. The kit has a sensitivity of 98.3% and specificity of 98.1%.There is low false positive and false negative due to high specificity and high sensitivity.

 

Are Rapid tests for Covid 19 reliable?

ICMR has banned rapid tests for Covid 19 due to their unreliability. These tests have gained a lot of notoriety world over.

 

Is a person with IgG antibody 100% immune to re-infection?

The influenza virus is well known for its propensity to transmutate and change structure. So, a person with IgG antibody may get infected by a new strain of virus. The new strain of virus is still going to be structurally close to the other strains. Thus, he would be better equipped to fight the infection as compared to a person with no antibodies.  Let us not forget,”Small pox was eradicated using a Cow pox vaccine.”

Also the person’s general immunity status and presence or absence of co-morbidities would also play an important role in the scenario.

Getting oneself tested for anaemia, Vitamin d deficiency, Vitamin B12 deficiency, blood sugar levels, kidney function assessment and liver function assessments along with antibody to COVID 9 will go a long way towards preventive care. TFPL offers Basic Immunity profile and Comprehensive Immunity profiles to help allay your anxieties.

 

Author:
Dr Vibha Tomar
Consultant Pathologist
Tomar Foundation Pathology Lab

 

 

How to Keep Corona at Bay

2020 is a watershed year. It will be remembered as a year of lockdown, huge expectations and surmounting frustrations. Country after country bowed down before the Corona virus. Everyone waited for a miracle drug and vaccine with baited breath. Both of them are elusive and attaining them appears distant. Leaders all over the world have declared that we must learn to live with the virus.

How do we learn to live with the enemy and yet keep it at bay? For this, we must first gain insight and knowledge into its mechanism of offence and our body’s defense systems against it. The Novel Corona virus gains entry into our body through the nose eyes or mouth. Breathing carries these particles to the lower respiratory tract. The spike proteins of the corona virus act like a key and lock into the epithelial cells that line the respiratory tracts and air sacs of lungs. A rapid and well coordinated immune response represents the first line of defense against viral infections. Most of the people will kill the virus and develop antibodies and immunity against it. They may remain asymptomatic or suffer from mild, moderate or severe disease depending on the extent of initial viral load and their immunity. Lower initial viral load and higher innate immunity favor the chances of a complete recovery.

However in elderly patients and patients with co-morbidities excessive inflammatory innate response and impaired adaptive host immune defense may lead to ‘Massive release of cytokines and chemokines’ popularly known as “Cytokine storm”. This can cause extensive tissue damage both at site of entry of virus and systematically. An uncontrolled cytokine storm is responsible both for increased morbidity and mortality for the elderly and patients with co morbidities.

The battle against Corona has to be fought on multiple fronts. Only if we fortify ourselves socially, emotionally, tactically, physically and as a herd can we hope to defeat it.

Solidarity not stigma 

There is a palpable stigma surrounding the term’ COVID +’. This leads to a reduction in people seeking medical care/testing and people adhering to interventions (self isolation). Society needs to show solidarity and support to COVID positive individuals and their families. They should be dealt with compassion and empathy. According to WHO, our dogmatic approach towards the disease will lead to under reporting of cases. This will be a major stumbling block in our fight.

Fight the Fear

On a personal level, each person needs to fight the fear of the disease. While we need to keep ourselves safe and break the chain of transmission, we must not be afraid of the disease. Total number of COVID positive cases in India has been 1.2 Million and around 31 thousand have succumbed to it. The mortality rate is around 2.3%. Since we are testing only the symptomatic population, the actual projection of COVID positive population could be at least ten times. This would bring the mortality rate down to 0.2%. “Caution not Fear” is the call of the hour.

Reduce the exposure to virus   

As the prevalence of the disease increases, the war has shifted from the hospitals to the community. Each person is now responsible for protecting himself, his family, his community and his country. Reducing the exposure to virus and viral load is the crux of the issue. Breathing, talking, coughing and singing create virus carrying droplets. These different types of exposure carry different viral loads. Enough virus has to make itself over to you to cause infection.

Successful infection=Virus exposure x duration of exposure

In nut shell, Proximity, type of exposure and duration of exposure are crucial factors deciding the viral load and transmission.

Tactical steps to be taken to reduce virus transmission

  • Sanitization and hand washing
  • Herd Masking
    When the entire community wears a mask, it provides an effective transmission barriers against the spread of disease. Use of mask by both carrier and healthy contact can reduce transmission from 90% to 1.5%.
  • Social distancing
    Maintain at least 6 feet distance in your work and social interactions.
  • Greeting
    Avoid handshakes, touching, kissing and hugging. The Indian ‘Namaste’ is the best form of greeting.
  • Duration of exposure
    Limit duration of interaction with each person. Keep  interactions as brief as possible.
  • Avoid indoor spaces. As far as possible, interact outdoor or in large ventilated spaces.
  • Avoid public bathrooms and restaurants
  • Avoid large gatherings, parties, weddings concerts and cinema halls.

Herd immunity

When a herd moves, it keeps the weakest in the centre to protect them from invasion. We should keep the elderly, diabetics, hypertensive, and people with low immunity protected. While the young and healthy should move out, the vulnerable population should continue to restrict their movements. Look after your elders. Over time the elderly will get exposure to virus in low doses from the younger family members and develop immunity. Also as more and more people get immune the chain of transmission would be broken and the entire herd would be immune and safe.

Healthy and fit

Times are tough. We need to be physically and mentally strong to tackle them. Our immunity is our shield against the disease. Some steps which will help us to improve our health, fitness and immunity are listed below.

  • Drink lots of water.
  • Avoid excess salt and sugar.
  • Eat protein rich food. Eat small portions. Avoid oily and starchy food.
  • Avoid snacking. Eat lots of fruits and salad.
  • Take your daily dose of Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and zinc. They act as immune boosters.
  • Amla, Chyawanprash, Cod liver oil, green tea and masala tea with spices like basil, cinnamon, ginger black pepper, and cardamom are also said to enhance immunity.
  • It is essential to have an exercise regime with cardio and stretch exercises in your daily routine. This helps in maintaining both physical fitness and mental health.
  • Avoid stress. It can cause unprecedented weight gain, hypertension and diabetes. Practice meditation and count your blessings. A stress free positive attitude is a great immune booster.
  • Get your immunity status assessed. TFPL offers Antibody (IgG) to COVID 19 testing and immunity profiles at economical profiles to help you assess your immunity status. Knowing the immunity status of ourselves, our family and our workers can help us to take proactive steps in the right directions in these uncertain times.

All these steps taken in unison will help us in ‘Keeping the Corona virus at bay’ individually and as a community.

 

Author:
Dr Vibha Tomar
Consultant Pathologist
Tomar Foundation Pathology Lab

 

 

How to be healthy fit and energetic during a lockdown

How to be Healthy Fit and Energetic During a Lockdown

The COVID Pandemic of 2020 has heralded a new era of lockdowns and quarantine the world over. It is a watershed event as it will change the way we socialize, interact, do business, and conduct almost every aspect of our life majorly. Our lifestyles, health, fitness and nutrition schedules will also be affected dramatically. In this article We, at Tomar Foundation Pathology Lab aim to provide tips on how we can remain healthy fit and energetic during the troubled times.

The most important aspect of health is preventing the spread of disease. We must maintain social distancing and lockdown norms. Avoid crowded places. It is important not to touch our face and mouth. Use a face mask, whenever we go out of the house. Wash your hands with soap or sanitizer frequently. Do not touch gates, railings or counter surfaces as far as possible. These practices should become part and parcel of our life even when a lockdown is lifted.

We become what we eat. At such time, when our activity level is low, it is better to avoid oily, starchy, fried and carbohydrate-rich food. These foods will not only add to our weight but make us feel sleepy and lethargic. The following points should be kept in mind while planning our meals.

  • Drink lots of fluid.
  • Avoid excess salt and sugar.
  • Eat protein-rich food.
  • Eat small portions.
  • Eat lots of fruits and salads.
  • Avoid snacking. If unavoidable, eat a limited quantity of healthy snacks.

Take your regular source of Vitamin C and Vitamin D daily. They act as immune-boosters. Amla, Lemon, chyawanprash, and cod liver oil are some good immune-modulators. Alternatively, you may take supplements as advised by your doctor. Green tea and Masala tea (with spices like basil, Black pepper, cinnamon, and cardamom) are also said to enhance immunity.

It is extremely important to take out at least an hour for physical exercise. Follow a strict fitness regime. You may go in for your favorite form of Cardio such as treadmill, static running, static cycling, dancing, Zumba, push-ups, and skipping among many others. They help in maintaining weight and enhancing energy levels. Ayush Mantralaya has advised that some form of meditation/ pranayama should also be included in our daily workout as it is a stress buster and mood stabilizer. Yoga /stretches should also be included as they help the body in remaining flexible. One may customize one’s own personal fitness workout or download a good fitness app to help us with this endeavor. Helping with household chores is also a very good way of increasing our physical activity.

These times are a big challenge to our mental and emotional health. There is uncertainty and the fear that it brings, can be nerve-racking. It is important to remain calm and happy as stress hormones are known to reduce our immunity. Also, stress can cause unprecedented weight gain, hypertension, and Diabetes.

  • It is important to maintain cordial and happy atmosphere at homes. Give space to others.
  • Take out time to meditate.
  • Live in the moment.
  • Count your blessings
  • Develop a daily routine.
  • Develop a new skill to get a sense of achievement.

With a positive attitude and a little discipline, we strive to beat COVID and come out of it fitter and healthier.

 

Author:
Dr Vibha Tomar
Consultant
Tomar Foundation Pathology Lab

 

 

2019 Novel Corona Virus Outbreak – A Comprehensive update

2019 Novel Corona Virus Outbreak – A Comprehensive update

2019 Novel Corona Virus Outbreak was first detected in Wuhan , China, and soon spread to other major countries globally including USA, UK, UAE , Hongkong, Australia among other countries. Over sixty thousand cases have been detected up-to-date. India has also reported three confirmed cases.

It is caused by a new strain of Corona Virus called COVID -19 which is a Beta corona virus. Corona virus are a group of zoonotic viruses that cause disease in animals such as camels, cats and bats. Rarely these viruses can infect humans. Early cases of this disease in China had some link to a large seafood and live animal market suggestive of animal to human spread. Person to person spread has been reported in countries outside China.

Transmission of this virus from person to person is via respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes and the droplets land on the mouth or nasal mucosa of people who are nearby. It is currently unclear whether a person can get COVID -19 by touching a surface or object that has virus on it .

People who have been in China within past two weeks, caretakers of patients with established COVID-19 infection and health professionals involved in the care of such patients are at serious risk. The incubation period is 2-14 days after exposure. Most patients show symptoms within 5- 6 days.

Patients typically develop mild to severe respiratory illness. Warning symptoms are fever, cough, and shortness of breath and breathing difficulties. In most severe cases, it can lead to pneumonia, kidney failure and even death.

WHO analysis shows that while 82 percent of cases are mild, about 15 percent progress to severe and 3 percent are critical. Most of the fatal cases were in senior citizens and people with underlying conditions like Diabetes and Hypertension. Lab diagnosis is based on Serological tests and Viral culture. Treatment is largely symptomatic.

As there is currently no vaccine to prevent 2019-nCoV infection,the best way to prevent infection is to avoid being exposed to the virus. General public has been issued a list of recommendation by CDC to prevent the spread of infection. Here is the list of do’s and don’ts.

Avoid close contact with people who are sick.

Avoid touching your eyes , nose and mouth with unwashed hands.

Stay Home when you are sick.

Cover your cough or sneeze with a tissue. Discard tissue in trash.

Wash your hands with soap and water frequently.

If soap and water are not available ,you may use alcohol based hand sanitizer with at least 60 percent alcohol.

Clean and disinfect frequently touched objects and surfaces using a regular household cleaning spray or wipe.

Use of face mask [ CDC guideline ] –

People who are well do not need to wear masks.

People with symptoms of 2019 Novel Corona virus and care takers need to wear mask.

 

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